Max Fleischer: Out of the Inkwell (1918-1929)
Was born in 1883, Vienna
Fleischer was the first to use rotoscope for animation. To simplify the process of animation, Fleischer invented rotoscoping, which involved tracing over the frames of what was recorded.
Winsor McCray: Gertie the Dinosaur (1914)
Born in 1867
The earliest animated film to feature dinosaur.
The frames were all hand drawn, including the backgrounds, which then made this a painstaking process.
McCray used the film before live audiences as an interactive act, in which McCray makes a command to Gertie, in which the animation then looks like the commands are being followed as Gertie does the command.
Pat Sullivan: Felix the Cat (1919)
Born in 1885
Each frame was hand drawn
Photographed on an animation camera on black and white film
Walt Disney: Steamboat Willie (1929)
Born in 1901
Steamboat Willie was the first animation which had synchronised audio sound effects, along with character scores.
Each frame was hand drawn
Black and white.
Oliver Postgate & Peter Firman: Bagpuss (1974)
Bagpuss uses a variation of animation techniques
- Stop motion
- Animation
- Use of voiceover
- Puppets
- Hand drawings
The stop motion and animation are both blended with each other during some scenes, such as when Bagpuss had an inner thought. It transitions from stop motion then into animation.
Nick Park: Creature Comforts (1989)
Born in 1958
Creature Comfort heavily uses stop motion with clay figures, this then become to be known as claymation. Creature comfort uses vox pops from the public, the audio is then cleaned and it is then animated.
Hayao Miyazaki: Spirited Away (2001)
Born in 1941
Spirited Away was a mix of computer animation and hand drawn animation. Most of the character were hand drawn. Some of the buildings in the movie were based of real life buildings in Edo-Tokyo Open Air Architectural Museum in Koganei, Tokyo, Japan.
Spirited Away became the most successful film in Japanese history $330 million worldwide.